Magali Mores

Lessons on how to strengthen anti-corruption efforts during urgent health crises (eg Covid-19)

Corrupt practices can become more frequent during health emergencies threatening public health, trust, and lives.

Read the basic guide below for a literature and research overview about what drives corruption during health emergencies. The guide includes lessons from different emergencies – including Covid‑19; those most impacted; and the latest anti-corruption efforts and recommendations in such contexts.

Health emergencies and pandemics

Corruption and anti-corruption efforts in the education sector

The education sector presents a significant opportunity for anti-corruption work. Educating children and youth about integrity and values at primary, secondary and tertiary education levels can lead to long-term change. But reaching the sustainable development goal of education for all is hampered by teacher absenteeism, examination fraud, procurement corruption and more. Strategies for dealing with corruption in this sector include codes of conduct and community monitoring. Blockchain technology and private-public partnerships are possible game-changers.

Education

What is corruption? The basics of corruption and anti-corruption efforts for sustainable and inclusive development

Corruption is abuse of entrusted power for private gain. It undermines economic development and state security. It takes place at the highest levels of society – as grand corruption. Or you can witness it between officials and citizens in hospitals and schools – as petty corruption. The consequences are both financial and societal – linked to human rights, inequality, conflict, and more. Read about the conditions that facilitate corruption, and general implications for development programming. Anti-corruption efforts should strengthen mutually-reinforcing systems that include a range of actors, institutions, laws and policies.

Anti-corruption basics

Corruption and anti-corruption measures related to public auditing and financial control systems

The process of auditing and control of public finances and the public finance management (PFM) system should ideally be a technically competent, transparent, independent, and accountable system. The Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) have come to play a considerably more visible role in the field of anti-corruption, and support to strengthen SAIs and other internal and external financial controls have been amplified. Still, the main weaknesses of public auditing and financial control systems are that the state institutions with this mandate can be subject to political interference, politization, and wing-clipping.

Auditing and financial control

Corruption and anti-corruption measures in the justice sector

The justice sector is crucial in maintaining accountability of citizens but also other state institutions. At the same time, justice sector institutions can be part of the corruption problem. By undermining contract enforcement and property rights, corruption in the justice sector can impede much needed investment in developing countries. Corruption reduces the accessibility and quality of justice and the legitimacy of not only justice sector institutions but the state more generally.  Sustainable Development Goal 16 gives new momentum to rethink approaches on how to provide universal access to justice, promote the rule of law, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions.

Justice sector

Corruption and anti-corruption efforts in tax and revenue collection

Tax and revenue collection

Procedures for development aid agencies to identify, assess, and mitigate corruption risks

Whether diverting resources from aid delivery or eroding public trust in development organisations and projects, corruption poses a risk.

Corruption risk management is a process to identify, assess, and mitigate corruption risks within an organisation and its activities. It is also a way to analyse causes for corruption and ultimately to implement and manage corrective and preventive measures to curb corruption risks.


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