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Carbon markets, while promising, lack transparency and robust oversight, posing integrity risks that necessitate enhanced cross-sectoral and international cooperation.

Renewable energy, prone to 'old corruption', reveals shared risks in Mexico and Kenya. Corruption impacts policymaking, planning, and communities, demanding tailored measures and robust implementation.

Green energy transition heightens corruption risks associated with land demands, potentially causing displacement and a "green resource curse." Interventions should target corruption, enhance accountability, and ensure equal participation, especially for affected communities like Indigenous Peoples.

Os mercados do carbono, embora promissores, carecem de transparência e de uma supervisão sólida, colocando riscos de integridade que exigem uma cooperação intersectorial e internacional reforçada.

The "green land rush" amid climate change and population growth, required for global climate pledges, poses corruption risks such as political interference, bribery, and fraud, especially impacting marginalized groups. Concerns include exacerbating inequalities for rural communities and Indigenous Peoples.

New corruption risks in climate finance, such as organised criminal networks, are jeopardising the energy transition. Anti-corruption activists and climate programmes must work together to maintain the integrity controls essential for climate action programmes to succeed.

Developing appropriate and effective anti-corruption tools and strategies for climate finance can ensure that it is optimised for impact and success.

Zambia needs structural reforms such as reducing the president’s executive powers and debarring corrupt renewable energy companies in order to reduce corruption.

Inclusive lobbying will improve policymaking, increase public confidence in the political system, and support effective climate action.

Carbon taxes to reduce emissions can be less effective due to corruption. Tools to reduce corruption risks include increasing transparency, managing conflicts of interest, and enforcing penalties.